No ke aha e hiki ai ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ka silicone wai ma nā ʻano āpau?

1.Introduction o ka wai silicone rubber me ka hoʻohui

ʻO ka pulupulu silikoni wai me ka hoʻohui hoʻohui i haku ʻia me ka vinyl polysiloxane ma ke ʻano he polymer kumu, polysiloxane me ka paʻa Si-H ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui keʻa, ma ke alo o ka platinum catalyst, ma ka lumi wela a i ʻole ka wela ma lalo o ka vulcanization pili kea o kahi papa silicone. mea waiwai. ʻOkoʻa mai ka ʻōpala silikoni wai condensed, ʻaʻole hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana vulcanization silicone wai i nā huahana, shrinkage liʻiliʻi, vulcanization hohonu a ʻaʻohe corrosion o ka mea pili. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi o ka laulā ākea ākea, ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wā, a hiki ke maʻalahi i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. No laila, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka silicone wai condensed, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka silicone molding wai. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lako uila, nā mīkini, ke kūkulu ʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kaʻa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

2. Māhele Nui

Polimer kumu

Hoʻohana ʻia nā polysiloxane laina ʻelua e loaʻa ana i ka vinyl ma ke ʻano he polymers kumu no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silicone wai. ʻO kā lākou māhele paona molekala he ākea, maʻamau mai nā tausani a 100,000-200,000. ʻO ka polymer base maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka silicone wai hoʻohui ʻia ʻo α, ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. Ua ʻike ʻia e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka waiwai o ka silicone wai i ka paona molekala a me ka vinyl o nā polymers kumu.

mea hookui kea

ʻO ka mea hoʻohui crosslinking i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silicone wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka polysiloxane organik i loaʻa ma mua o 3 mau paʻa Si-H i loko o ka mole, e like me ka linear methyl-hydropolysiloxane i loaʻa ka hui Si-H, ring methyl-hydropolysiloxane a me MQ resin i loaʻa ka pūʻulu Si-H. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka methylhydropolysiloxane linear o kēia ʻano hana. Ua ʻike ʻia hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻano mechanical o ka silica gel ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻike hydrogen a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻohui kea. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hydrogen maʻiʻo o ka mea hoʻohui crosslinking e like me ka ikaika tensile a me ka paʻakikī o ka silica gel. ʻO Gu Zhuojiang et al. loaʻa i ka ʻaila silicone i loaʻa i ka hydrogen me ka hoʻolālā ʻokoʻa, ke kaumaha molecular like ʻole a me ka ʻike hydrogen ʻokoʻa ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana synthesis a me ke ʻano, a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he crosslinking agent e synthesize a hoʻohui i ka silicone wai.

mea hoʻopāpā

No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono catalytic o nā catalysts, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā pāpaʻi platinum-vinyl siloxane, nā pāpaʻi platinum-alkyne a me nā paʻina platinum i hoʻololi ʻia. Ma kahi o ke ʻano o ka catalyst, ʻo ka nui o nā huahana silicone wai e hoʻopilikia pū i ka hana. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka platinum catalyst hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o nā hui methyl a pale i ka decomposition o ke kaulahao nui.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ka hana vulcanization o ka silicone additive wai kuʻuna ʻo ia ka hopena hydrosilylation ma waena o ka polymer base i loaʻa ka vinyl a me ka polymer i loaʻa ka hydrosilylation bond. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka silicone hoʻohui wai maʻamau e koi i ka mold paʻa e hana i ka huahana hope, akā ʻo kēia ʻenehana hana kuʻuna i nā hemahema o ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe, lōʻihi ka manawa, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole pili pinepine nā huahana i nā huahana uila. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi e hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi ʻano silica me nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e nā ʻenehana hoʻōla hou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mercaptan - double bond add liquid silicas. ʻO kāna mau waiwai mechanical maikaʻi, kūpaʻa wela a me ka transmittance māmā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kahua hou. Ma muli o ka hopena pili mercapto-ene ma waena o branched mercaptan functionalized polysiloxane a me vinyl i hoʻopau ʻia polysiloxane me ke kaumaha molekala like ʻole, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā elastomers silicone me ka paʻakikī hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia a me nā waiwai mechanical. Hōʻike nā elastomers i paʻi ʻia i ka hoʻonā paʻi kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka elongation i ka haki ʻana o nā elastomers silicone hiki ke hiki i 1400%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana o UV curing elastomers a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā elastomers thermal curing silicone elastomers. A laila ua hoʻohana ʻia nā elastomers silicone ultra-stretchable i nā hydrogels doped me carbon nanotubes e hoʻomākaukau ai i nā mea uila hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka silicone i nā lopako palupalu, nā mea hana maʻalahi, nā implants olakino a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.