No ke aha e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai ka silicone wai i nā ʻano like ʻole?

1. Hoʻolauna ʻia o ka laholio silicone wai me ka hoʻohui ʻana

ʻO ka wai silicone rubber me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ua haku ʻia me ka vinyl polysiloxane ma ke ʻano he polymer kumu, polysiloxane me ka pilina Si-H ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili keʻa, i ke alo o ka platinum catalyst, ma ka mahana o ka lumi a i ʻole ka hoʻomehana ʻana ma lalo o ka hoʻopili keʻa vulcanization o kahi papa o nā mea silicone. ʻOkoʻa mai ka wai silicone rubber condensed, ʻaʻole hana ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe silicone wai vulcanization i nā huahana ʻaoʻao, ka liʻiliʻi o ka emi ʻana, ka vulcanization hohonu a me ka ʻole o ka pala o ka mea pili. Loaʻa iā ia nā pono o ka laulā ākea o ka mahana, ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa i ka wā, a hiki ke maʻalahi ke hoʻopili i nā ʻili like ʻole. No laila, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wai silicone condensed, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe silicone wai. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mīkini uila, nā mīkini, ke kūkulu ʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kaʻa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

2. Nā ʻĀpana Nui

Polymer kumu

ʻO nā polysiloxane linear ʻelua e loaʻa ana ka vinyl e hoʻohana ʻia ana ma ke ʻano he polymers kumu no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silicone wai. He ākea ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ko lākou kaumaha molekala, ma ke ʻano he mau tausani a i 100,000-200,000. ʻO ka polymer kumu i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka silicone wai hoʻohui ʻo α,ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. Ua ʻike ʻia e hiki i ke kaumaha molekala a me ka nui o ka vinyl o nā polymers kumu ke hoʻololi i nā waiwai o ka silicone wai.

mea hoʻopili

ʻO ka mea hoʻopili i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silicone wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo ia ka polysiloxane organik e loaʻa ana ma mua o 3 mau pilina Si-H i loko o ka mole, e like me ka linear methyl-hydropolysiloxane e loaʻa ana ka hui Si-H, ke apo methyl-hydropolysiloxane a me ka MQ resin e loaʻa ana ka hui Si-H. ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ka linear methylhydropolysiloxane o ke ʻano aʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā waiwai mechanical o ka silica gel ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻike hydrogen a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻopili. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻike hydrogen o ka mea hoʻopili e pili ana i ka ikaika tensile a me ka paʻakikī o ka silica gel. Ua loaʻa iā Gu Zhuojiang et al. ka ʻaila silicone e loaʻa ana ka hydrogen me ke ʻano like ʻole, ke kaumaha molekala like ʻole a me ka ʻike hydrogen like ʻole ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana synthesis a me ke ʻano, a hoʻohana iā ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili e synthesize a hoʻohui i ka silicone wai.

mea hoʻouluulu manaʻo

I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pono catalytic o nā catalysts, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā complexes platinum-vinyl siloxane, nā complexes platinum-alkyne a me nā complexes platinum i hoʻololi ʻia e ka nitrogen. Ma waho aʻe o ke ʻano o ka catalyst, ʻo ka nui o nā huahana silicone wai e hoʻopilikia pū i ka hana. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka catalyst platinum hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka hopena cross-linking ma waena o nā hui methyl a kāohi i ka decomposition o ke kaulahao nui.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ke ʻano hana vulcanization o ka silicone wai hoʻohui kuʻuna ka hopena hydrosilylation ma waena o ka polymer kumu e loaʻa ana ka vinyl a me ka pilina hydrosilylation polymer e loaʻa ana. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka silicone wai kuʻuna e pono ai ka ʻōpala paʻa e hana i ka huahana hope loa, akā ʻo kēia ʻenehana hana kuʻuna he mau hemahema o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ka manawa lōʻihi, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole pili pinepine nā huahana i nā huahana uila. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi moʻo o silicas me nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe e nā ʻenehana hoʻōla hou e hoʻohana ana i ka mercaptan - hoʻohui pālua i nā silicas wai. ʻO kona mau waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa wela a me ka transmittance māmā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kahua hou aʻe. Ma muli o ka hopena pilina mercapto-ene ma waena o ka polysiloxane branched mercaptan functionalized a me ka vinyl terminated polysiloxane me ke kaumaha molekala like ʻole, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā elastomers silicone me ka paʻakikī hiki ke hoʻololi a me nā waiwai mechanical. Hōʻike nā elastomers i paʻi ʻia i ka hoʻonā paʻi kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa. Hiki i ka elongation i ka wā haki o nā elastomers silicone ke hiki i ka 1400%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā elastomers UV curing i hōʻike ʻia a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā elastomers silicone curing thermal hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia. A laila ua hoʻopili ʻia nā elastomers silicone ultra-stretchable i nā hydrogels i hoʻopili ʻia me nā nanotubes carbon e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea uila hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia. Loaʻa i ka silicone paʻi a me ka hana ʻana nā manaʻolana ākea i nā robots palupalu, nā actuators flexible, nā implants lapaʻau a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe.