ABS: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

ʻO Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) kahi palika he terpolymer ia, kahi polymer i ʻekolu mau monomera like ʻole. Hana ʻia ʻo ABS e polymerizing styrene a me acrylonitrile i ke alo o polybutadiene. ʻO Acrylonitrile kahi monomer synthetic i haku ʻia o propylene a me amonia ʻoiai ʻo butadiene kahi petroleum hydrocarbon, a ʻo ka styrene monomer e hana ʻia e ka dehydrogeneration o ethyl benzene. ʻO Dehydrogenation kahi hopena kemika e pili ana i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka hydrogen mai kahi moleola a ʻo ia ka hope o ka hydrogenation. Hoʻololi ka dehydrogenation i nā ʻākena, kahi inert a no laila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, i nā olefins (me nā alkene), e hana hou a no laila ʻoi aku ka waiwai. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kaʻina hana Dehydrogeneration e hana i nā mea ala a me ka styrene i ka petrochemical ʻoihana. Aia he ʻelua ʻano: Hoʻokahi no ka extrusion o nā kinona a ʻo ka lua he thermoplastic i hoʻohana ʻia no nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻO nā mea hoʻohui ABS ka hapalua o ka styrene me ke koena i kaulike ma waena o butadiene a me acrylonitrile. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻo ABS me nā pono ʻē aʻe e like me polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, a me nā polysulphones. ʻAe kēia mau Blend no ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā noi.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala, ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia ʻo ABS i ka wā o WWII ma ke ʻano he pani no ka laholio. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono ia ma ia noi, ua lilo ākea ia no nā noi pāʻoihana i nā makahiki 1950. I kēia lā ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ABS i kahi hui like ʻole o nā noi me nā mea pāʻani. ʻO kahi laʻana, hana ʻia nā palaka LEGO® mai ia mea no ka mea he māmā a paʻa mau ia. Hoʻopili pū ʻia me ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe i ka gloss a me ke kūpaʻa wela o nā mea ʻoiai ke kuʻi ʻana i nā mahana haʻahaʻa nā hopena i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika.

He amorphous ka ABS, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻohe ona mahana hoʻoheheʻe maoli akā ʻo ka mahana aniani hoʻololi he 105◦C a 221◦F paha. Loaʻa iā ia kahi mahana lawelawe lawelawe i koi ʻia mai -20◦C a 80◦C (-4◦F a 176◦ F). He lapalapa ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā mea i hana ʻia e ka lapalapa ahi. E hoʻoheheʻe mua ia, a laila paila, a laila lele i loko o nā ahi wela wela e like me ka mahu o ka plastic. ʻO kāna mau mea maikaʻi ʻo ia ke kūpaʻa dimensional kiʻekiʻe a hōʻike i ka paʻakikī ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO kekahi mea maikaʻi ʻole ke ʻā ʻana ke ahi i ka hopena o ka hanauna uahi kiʻekiʻe.

He kūpaʻa kemikala ākea ʻo ABS. Kūʻē ia i nā waikawa wai, alkalis, a me nā waikawa phosporic, nā wai ʻona hydrochloric paʻa a me nā holoholona, ​​nā mea kanu a me nā aila mineral. Akā hoʻouka ikaika ʻia ʻo ABS e kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi i ka launa lōʻihi ʻana me nā mea hoʻohehehehe maikaʻi, nā ketones a me nā esters. Loaʻa ka palena o ke aniau. Ke puhi ʻo ABS, hana ia i ka nui o ka uahi. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa pū ka lā i ABS. ʻO kāna noi i ka pihi hoʻokuʻu hoʻokuʻu sitbelt o nā kaʻa i hoʻokumu i ka mea nui a me nā kumukūʻai i hoʻomanaʻo i ka mōʻaukala US. Kūpaʻa ʻo ABS i nā ʻano mea like ʻole e laʻa me nā acidic concentrated, dilute acid a me alkalis. Hana maikaʻi ʻole ʻia me nā hydrocarbons onaona a halogenated.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ABS ka hopena-kūpaʻa a me ka paʻakikī. Hiki pū ke hana ʻia ʻo ABS no laila aniani ka ʻili. Hoʻohana nā mea hana pāʻani iā ​​ia ma muli o kēia mau ʻano. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo kekahi o nā mea hoʻohana kaulana loa o ABS ʻo LEGO® no kā lākou mau waihoʻoluʻu, nā poloka hale pāʻani me nā ʻōlinolino. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā mea kani, nā poʻo kolepa kolepa, nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kiʻi ʻana i ke koko, nā pale poʻo pale, nā waʻa wai keʻokeʻo, nā ukana, a me nā hihia hāpai.

ʻAwaʻawa ABS?

ʻAʻohe makaʻu ʻole ʻo ABS i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā carcinogens i ʻike ʻia, a ʻaʻohe hopena maikaʻi e pili ana i ke olakino pili i ka hōʻike ʻana iā ABS. ʻO kēlā ʻōlelo, ʻaʻole kūpono ʻo ABS i nā implant lapaʻau.

He aha nā waiwai o ABS?

He ikaika ikaika ʻo ABS, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻohana ʻia ai i nā mea e like me nā hale kāmera, nā hale pale, a me ka hōʻaiʻē. Inā ʻoe e pono i kahi plastic makepono, ikaika a ʻoʻoleʻa e paʻa pono i nā hopena kūwaho, he koho maikaʻi ʻo ABS.

Waiwai Waiwai
Inoa loea Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
Kumumea kemikala (C8H8) x· (C4H6) y·(C3H3N) z)
Ka hoʻololi aniani 105 °C (221) °F) *
Mahana hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau 204 - 238 °C (400 - 460 °F) *
Mahana Deflection Heat (HDT) 98 °C (208) °F) ma 0.46 MPa (66 PSI) **
UL RTI 60 °C (140 °F) ***
Ka ikaika ikaika 46 MPa (6600 PSI) ***
Ka ikaika ikaika 74 MPa (10800 PSI) ***
Kaumaha Kakau 1.06
Lāki liʻiliʻi 0.5-0.7% (.005-.007 i / i) ***

abs-plastic


Ka manawa Post: Nov-05-2019