ʻO ka mea aʻe kahi o nā mea ea i hana pinepine ʻia i kā mākou hale hana. Koho i nā inoa mea ma lalo no kahi wehewehe pōkole a me ke kiʻi i ka ʻikepili waiwai.
1) ABS
ʻO Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene kahi copolymer i hana ʻia e polymerizing styrene a me acrylonitrile i ke alo o polybutadiene. Hāʻawi ka styrene i ka ea i kahi ʻōlinolino, a me ka pale ʻole. ʻO ka butadiene, kahi mea rubbery, hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa a hiki i nā mahana haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke hana i nā ʻano loli e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hopena kūpaʻa, paʻakikī, a me ka pale wela. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ABS e hana i nā huahana māmā, ʻoʻoleʻa, mōlina e like me ka paipu ʻana, nā mea kani, nā poʻo kolepa kolepa, nā ʻāpana kino kaʻa, nā uhi huila, nā pā, nā pale pale pale, a me nā mea pāʻani me nā pōhaku lepo Lego.
2) Acetal (Delrin®, Celcon®)
ʻO Acetal kahi polima thermoplastic i hana ʻia e ka polymerization o formaldehyde. ʻO nā lau a me nā koʻokoʻo i hana ʻia i kēia mea waiwai ka ikaika nui, ka ʻaʻa a me ka paʻakikī. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Acetal i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī e koi ana i ka ʻoʻoleʻa kiʻekiʻe, haʻalulu haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa dimensional maikaʻi. Loaʻa i ka Acetal ke kūpaʻa abrasion kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, nā pono uila a me nā dielectric maikaʻi, a me ka lawe wai haʻahaʻa. Kūpono ʻole nā helu he nui iā UV.
Nā Papa: Delrin®, Celcon®
3) CPVC
Hana ʻia ʻo CPVC e ka chlorination o PVC resin a hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i ka paipū. Māhele ʻo CPVC i nā waiwai he nui me ka PVC, me ka haʻahaʻa o ka conductivity a me ke kūpaʻa kūpalu maikaʻi loa i ka mahana wela o ka lumi. ʻO ke keu o ka chlorine i loko o kāna hale i hana ia i mea pale aku ka pale ma mua o PVC. ʻOiai ʻo PVC e hoʻomaka e palupalu i nā mahana ma mua o 140 ° F (60 ° C), maikaʻi ka CPVC i nā mahana o 180 ° F (82 ° C). E like me PVC, pale ahi ke CPVC. Mākaukau ka CPVC a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā paipu wai wela, nā paipu chlorine, nā paipu waikawa sulfuric, a me nā uhi uila uwea kiʻekiʻe.
4) ECTFE (Halar®)
ʻO kahi copolymer o ka ethylene a me ka chlorotrifluoroethylene, ʻo ECTFE (Halar®) kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe semi-crystalline hiki ke hana i kahi polymer fluorination ʻāpana. Kūpono kūpono ʻo ECTFE (Halar®) no ka hoʻohana ʻana i mea uhi no ka pale a me nā noi anti-corrosion mahalo i kāna hui kū hoʻokahi o nā waiwai. Hāʻawi ia i ka ikaika o ka hopena, ka kemika a me ke kūpaʻa kūpale ma luna o kahi ākea o ka mahana, resistivity kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻomau dielectric haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa iā ia he waiwai cryogenic maikaʻi loa.
5) ETFE (Tefzel®)
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, ETFE, kahi plastic fluorine, i kū i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika ma luna o kahi ākea o ka mahana. ʻO ETFE kahi polymer a ʻo kona inoa kumu kumu kumu poly (ethene-co-tetrafluoroethene). He kūlana hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe ko ka ETFE, kahi kemika maikaʻi loa, uila a me nā kūpale kūwaho pale ikaika. Hoʻohui ka kēpau ETFE (Tefzel®) i ka paʻakikī mechanical me ke kiʻekiʻe me ka inertness kemika koʻikoʻi e hoʻokokoke ana i nā resins fluoroplastic PTFE (Teflon®).
6) Hoʻopili
Hoʻopili i ka polyolefin kahi mea elastomer, ʻo ia hoʻi he paʻakikī a kūpaʻa ʻoiai ke maʻalahi i ka manawa like. ʻO nā mea i loaʻa ka hopena kūpaʻa maikaʻi, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kaupaona māmā, hoʻoliʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa, a me ka ikaika hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi a me ka hana.
7) FEP
ʻAno like ʻo FEP i ka hui me nā fluoropolymers PTFE a me PFA. Māhele like ʻo FEP a me PFA i nā pono kūpono o PTFE o ka haʻalulu haʻahaʻa a me ka non-reactivity, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka formable. Māmā ka FEP ma mua o PTFE a hoʻoheheʻe ma 500 ° F (260 ° C); mea aniani moakaka loa a kūpaʻa i ka lā. I ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa o ka popopo, ʻo FEP wale nō ka fluoropolymer i mākaukau e hiki ke kūlike i ke kūpaʻa ponoʻī ʻana o PTFE i nā ʻākena caustic, no ka mea he hanana kalapona-fluorine maʻemaʻe ia a hoʻopiha ʻia. ʻO kahi waiwai nui o FEP ʻoi aku ia ma mua o PTFE i kekahi o nā noi uhi e pili ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea holoi.
8) G10 / FR4
ʻO G10 / FR4 kahi pae uila, dielectric fiberglass laminate epoxy resin ʻōnaehana i hui pū ʻia me kahi ʻūlū lole aniani. Hāʻawi ʻo G10 / FR4 i ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa, nā helu ahi a me nā pono uila ma lalo o nā kūlana maloʻo a me nā wai hoʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ia i ka flexural kiʻekiʻe, ka hopena, ka mechanical a me ka ikaika paʻa i nā mahana a hiki i 266 ° F (130 ° C). Kūpono ʻo G10 / FR4 no ka hoʻolālā, uila, a me nā pono uila a me nā papa pc.
9) LCP
ʻO nā polymona aniani wai he mea thermoplastic-melting-point kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻo LCP i nā pono hydrophobic kūlohelohe e kaupalena ana i ka lawe ʻana o ka wai. ʻO kekahi ʻano kūlohelohe o ka LCP ka hiki iā ia ke kū i nā kaha nui o ka pāhawewe me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā waiwai kino. E pili ana i ka ʻāpana puʻupuʻu a me nā mea uila, hōʻike nā mea LCP i ka coefficient haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui hoʻonui ʻana (CTE) waiwai. ʻO kāna mau hoʻohana nui e like me nā hale uila a me nā uila ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ke kūpaʻa uila.
10) Nylon
ʻO Nylon 6/6 kahi nylon manaʻo nui i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻoiho ʻia. Loaʻa i nā Nylon 6/6 i nā pono mechanical maikaʻi a paʻa i ka pale pale. He wahi hoʻoheheʻe ʻoi aku kona kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mahana o ka hoʻohana intermittent ma mua o ka Nylon 6. He maʻalahi ke kala. Ke kala ʻia, hōʻike ia i ke kala ʻoi loa a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka lele ʻana mai ka lā a me ka ozone a i ka melemele mai ka nitrous oxide. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia ke noi ʻia kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ʻoʻoleʻa a paʻa paʻa. ʻO ia kekahi o nā plastics kaulana i loaʻa. ʻO Nylon 6 ka mea i makemake nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa ʻoiai ʻo Nylon 6/6 makemake nui ʻia ma USA. Hiki ke kāpili wikiwiki ʻia ka nylon a ma nā ʻāpana lahilahi, no ka mea, nalowale kona viscosity i kahi kekelē kupaianaha i ka wā i hana ʻia ai. ʻAʻole kūʻē ʻo Nilo i ka wai a me nā wahi wai maikaʻi.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka nylon 4/6 i nā pae mahana ʻoi loa kahi e koi ʻia ai ka ʻoʻoleʻa, ke kūpikipiki kūpilikiʻi, ka paʻa mau o ka wela a me ka ikaika luhi. No laila kūpono ka Nylon 46 no nā noi kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻenekinia mea kanu, ʻoihana uila a me nā polokalamu kaʻa ma lalo o ka pale. ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi ma mua o Nylon 6/6 akā he mea ʻoi aku ia i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka Nylon 6/6.
Nā papa: - 4/6 30% piha i ke kīʻaha, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka wela i 4/6 30% piha kīʻaha, hoʻopā i ka lapalapa ahi, hoʻomehana ʻia - 6/6 Kūlohelohe - 6/6 ʻEleʻele - 6/6 Super Tough
11) PAI (Torlon®)
ʻO PAI (polyamide-imide) (Torlon®) kahi palakiko ikaika kiʻekiʻe me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa o kēlā me kēia plastic a hiki i 275 ° C (525 ° F). He kūpaʻa kūpilikiʻi ia i ka ʻaukā, kolo, a me nā kemika, me nā waikawa ikaika a me ka hapanui o nā kemikaola, a kūpono kūpono no nā wahi lawelawe koʻikoʻi. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ʻo Torlon e hana i nā lakohana mokulele a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa, nā ʻenekini a me nā mea kūkulu, nā mea hoʻoili a me nā powertrain, a me nā uhi, nā mea hoʻohui, a me nā mea hoʻohui. Hiki paha ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia akā, e like me ka nui o nā plastics thermoset, pono e mālama ʻia i loko o ka umu. ʻO kāna hana paʻakikī paʻakikī e hoʻolilo i kēia mea i kumu kūʻai, nā ʻano waihona i kikoʻī.
12) PARA (IXEF®)
Hāʻawi ʻo PARA (IXEF®) i kahi hui kūʻokoʻa o ka ikaika a me ka aesthetics, e kūpono ana i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī e koi ana i ka ikaika āpau a me ka ʻoluʻolu, kahi nani. ʻO PARA (IXEF®) nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa pinepine i ka 50-60% aniani hoʻoikaika paʻa, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i ka ikaika kupaianaha a me ka rigidity. ʻO ka mea e ʻokoʻa ai lākou ʻoiai me nā hoʻouka aniani kiʻekiʻe, hāʻawi ka mea ʻoluʻolu, resin-rich i kahi gloss kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopau ʻole aniani i kūpono no ka pena ʻana, ka metallization a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i kahi iwi maoli. Eia hou, ʻo PARA (IXEF®) kahi resin kahe kiʻekiʻe loa i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopiha koke i nā paia a lahilahi e like me 0.5 mm, ʻoiai me nā hoʻouka aniani a hiki i 60% ..
13) PBT
ʻO Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) kahi polymelo ʻenehana thermoplastic i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he insulator i nā ʻoihana uila a me nā uila. He thermoplastic (semi-) polymer crystalline a me kahi ʻano polyester. Kūpaʻa ʻo PBT i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka wā e hana ai, ikaika ka mīkini, kū i ka wela a 302 ° F (150 ° C) (a i ʻole 392 ° F (200 ° C) me ka hoʻoikaika aniani-puluniu) a hiki ke mālama ʻia me pale ahi e hana ia noncombustible.
Pili pili ʻo PBT i nā polyester thermoplastic ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia iā PET (polyethylene terephthalate), ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikaika a me ka paʻa o ka PBT, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kū ʻana o ke aniani, a me kahi aniani hoʻololi hoʻololi aniani haʻahaʻa. Pili ka PBT a me PET i ka wai wela ma luna o 60 ° C (140 ° F). Pono ka PBT a me PET i ka pale UV inā hoʻohana ʻia ma waho.
14) PCTFE (KEL-F®)
ʻO PCTFE, i kāhea ʻia e kona inoa kālepa mua, KEL-F®, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka ukana ma mua o nā fluoropolymers ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia kahi aniani hoʻololi o ke aniani haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā fluoropolymers ʻē aʻe. E like me ka hapanui a i ʻole nā fluoropolymers ʻē aʻe āpau loa. Mālamalama maoli ʻo PCTFE i nā mahana cryogenic, no ka mea e paʻa ana i kona maʻalahi a hiki i -200 ° F (-129®C) a ʻoi aku paha. ʻAʻole ia e komo i ka mālamalama i ʻike ʻia akā hiki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation. Kūpono ʻo PCTFE i ka hoʻowali a loaʻa kahi pae hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa. E like me nā fluoropolymers ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia i nā noi e koi ana i ka lawe wai ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi.
15) PEEK
ʻO PEEK kahi ikaika ikaika aʻe i nā fluoropolymers me kahi mahana hoʻomau hoʻohana mau o 480 ° F (250 ° C). Hōʻike ka PEEK i nā pono mechanical a me nā thermal, inertness kemika, ke kūpikipiki kūpale i nā mahana wela, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, ka pale hydrolysis, a me ka pale radiation. Hana kēia mau waiwai iā PEEK i kahi huahana i makemake ʻia i nā mokulele, nā kaʻa, ka semiconductor, a me nā ʻoihana hana kemika. Hoʻohana ʻia ka peek no ka lole komo a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā noi e like me nā noho kiwikā, nā pauma pump, a me nā pā pahū compressor.
Nā Papa: ʻAʻole i hoʻopihapiha ʻia, 30% kī piha i ke kīʻaha
16) PEI (Ultem®)
ʻO PEI (Ultem®) kahi mea pālolo pālua aniani moakaka me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa. Kūpaʻa ʻo PEI i ka wai wela a me ka mahu a hiki ke kū i nā pōʻai i ka autoclave mahu. He mau waiwai uila ʻo PEI a me kekahi o nā ikaika dielectric kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea thermoplastic i loaʻa i kūʻai ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia ma kahi o polysulfone ke koi ʻia ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoʻoleʻa, a me ka pale wela. Loaʻa ʻo PEI i nā papa piha kīʻaha me ka hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa. ʻO kekahi ea ia i loaʻa nā hoʻohana he nui ma lalo o ka pale i nā kalaka a me nā kaʻa. ʻAʻohe aniani o Ultem 1000® i loko ona ʻo Ultem 2300® piha me ka 30% aniani pōkole.
Nā Papa: Ultem 2300 a me 1000 i ka ʻeleʻele a kūlohelohe
17) PET-P (Ertalyte®)
ʻO Ertalyte® kahi polyester thermoplastic semi-crystalline semi-crystalline e pili ana i ka polyethylene terephthalate (PET-P). Hana ʻia ia mai nā papa resin proprietary i hana ʻia e Quadrant. Hiki i ka Quadrant ke hāʻawi iā Ertalyte®. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kūpaʻa dimensional ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka ʻaihue maikaʻi loa, kahi coefficient haʻahaʻa o ka hakakā, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūʻē ʻana i nā hopena acidic moderate. Kūpono nā waiwai o Ertalyte® iā ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana mechanical pono e hiki ke hoʻomau i nā kaumaha kiʻekiʻe a hoʻomanawanui i nā kūlana ʻaʻahu. ʻO ka mahana hana lawelawe mau a Ertalyte® ʻo 210 ° F (100 ° C) a ʻo kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe he aneane 150 ° F (66 ° C) kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā acetals. Mālama nui ʻia ka nui o kona ikaika kumu a hiki i 180 ° F (85 ° C) ma mua o ka nylon a i ʻole acetal.
18) PFA
ʻO nā alkanes Perfluoroalkoxy a i ʻole PFA nā fluoropolymers. ʻO lākou nā copolymers o tetrafluoroethylene a me nā perfluoroethers. E pili ana i kā lākou waiwai, like kēia mau polymers me polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ka hiki i nā substituents alkoxy ke ʻae e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka polymer. Ma kahi pae mole molekika, he liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi o ka kaulahao ʻo PFA, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke kaulahao kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā fluoropolymers ʻē aʻe. Aia pū kekahi i loko o ka atomo oxygen ma nā lālā. Loaʻa kēia i kahi mea i translucent a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe, ke kūpikipiki i ke kūpikipiki, a me ke kūpaʻa wela kokoke i a i ʻole ʻoi aku i ka PTFE.
19) Polycarbonate (PC)
Hāʻawi ka Amorphous polycarbonate polymer i kahi hui kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻoʻoleʻa, paʻakikī a paʻakikī. Hōʻike ia i nā anilā maikaʻi, nāʻauheʻe, ka hopena, nā ʻōnohi, uila a me nā pono pumehana. Loaʻa i nā kala a me nā hopena he nui, ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia e GE Plastics, i kēia manawa SABIC Innovative Plastics. Ma muli o ka ikaika o ka hopena kupaianaha, ʻo ia nā mea no nā pāpale mahiole o nā ʻano like ʻole a no nā mea pani kīʻaha hōʻoia-pōkā. ʻO ia, me ka nylon a me Teflon®, kekahi o nā plastics i makemake nui ʻia.
20) ʻO Polyethersulfone (PES)
ʻO PES (Polyethersulfone) (Ultrason®) kahi aniani moakaka, kūpaʻa wela, thermoplastic ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO PES kahi mea ikaika, ʻoʻoleʻa, ductile me ka paʻa dimensional maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa iā ia nā pono uila a me ke kūpaʻa kemika. Hiki i ka PES ke pale i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe i ka lewa a me ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PES i nā noi uila, nā hale pauma, a me nā aniani ʻike. Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi lawelawe olakino a me nā meaʻai. Me nā plastics ʻē aʻe e like me PEI (Ultem®), maopopo leʻa i ka pāhawewe.
21) Polyethylene (PE)
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Polyethylene no ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, ʻūlū, ʻeke, paipu, nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, nā pahu, nā meaʻai, nā lamineka, a me nā liners. He hopena hopena kūpale ia, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a hōʻike i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa hopena maikaʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano hana like ʻole thermoplastics a he kūpono kūpono kahi e koi ai i ka pale a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.
ʻO HD-PE kahi thermoplastic polyethylene. ʻIke ʻia ʻo HD-PE no ka lakio o ka lakio ikaika-i-nuʻa. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka HD-PE ma mua o ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka lālā o HD-PE, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i nā ikaika intermolecular ikaika a me ka ikaika ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o LD-PE. ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa o ka ikaika i ka ʻokoʻa o ka mānoanoa, e hāʻawi ana iā HD-PE i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka opaque a hiki ke kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (248 ° F (120 ° C) no nā wā pōkole, 230 ° F (110 ° C) mau. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HD-PE i ka nui o nā noi.
Nā Papa: HD-PE, LD-PE
22) Polypropylene (PP)
ʻO Polypropylene kahi polima thermoplastic i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano noi like ʻole me ka hoʻopili ʻana, nā lole (e like me nā kaula, nā kapa komo wela a me nā kapeta), nā mea pono, nā ʻāpana ʻāpana a me nā ipu hoʻohana hou ʻia, nā pono o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua, nā mea lekiō, nā ʻāpana kaʻa, a me nā banknotes polymer. Hana ʻia kahi polymer hoʻohui hou i hana ʻia mai ka monomer propylene, paʻakikī a kūpaʻa mau ia i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kime, nā kumu a me nā waikawa.
Nā Papa: 30% aniani i piha, ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha ʻia
23) ʻO Polystyrene (PS)
ʻO Polystyrene (PS) kahi polymer aromatik synthetic i hana ʻia mai ka monomer styrene. Hiki i ka Polystyrene ke kūpaʻa a i ʻole foamed. Maʻemaʻe, paʻakikī a maʻalahi ka polystyrene kumu. He kēpau inexpensive no ke kaupaona paona. ʻO Polystyrene kekahi o nā plastics i hoʻohana ākea ʻia, ʻo ka pālākiō o kāna hana ʻana he mau piliona kilokika i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
24) Polysulphone (PSU)
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia resin thermoplastic kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe no kona hiki ke pale aku i ka deformation ma lalo o ka ukana ma kahi ākea o ka mahana a me nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni. Hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia me nā hana sterilization maʻamau a me nā ʻenekema hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ke koikoi a kūpaʻa i ka wai, ka mahu a me nā wahi ʻano chemically. Hana kēia kūpaʻa i kēia mea pono no nā noi i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, lāʻau lapaʻau, mokulele a me nā mokulele mokulele, a me nā ʻoihana hana meaʻai, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia a autoclaved.
25) Polyurethane
Solid polyurethane kahi mea elastomeric o nā kūlohelohe o ke kino e like me ka paʻakikī, maʻalahi, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka abrasion a me ka mahana. Loaʻa ka laulā paʻakikī o Polyurethane mai ka eraser palupalu a paʻakikī i ke kinipōpō. Hoʻohui ʻo Urethane i ka paʻakikī o ka hao me ka lahilahi o ka laholio. ʻO nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia i nā elastomers urethane pinepine i ka lole rubber, lāʻau a me nā metala 20 a 1. ʻO nā ʻano polyurethane ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka flex-life kiʻekiʻe loa, ka hiki ke hāpai i ka ukana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūʻē kūʻē i ke anilā, ʻozone, radiation, ʻaila, ʻaila ʻānō a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe.
26) PPE (Noryl®)
ʻO kaʻohana Noryl® o nā resine PPE i hoʻololi ʻia me nā hoʻohui amorphous o PPO polyphenylene ether resin a me polystyrene. Hoʻohui lākou i nā pōmaikaʻi kūlohelohe o ka resin PPO, e like me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe kūpono, nā pono uila maikaʻi, kūpaʻa hydrolytic maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana i nā pūʻulu FR halogen ʻole, me ke kūpaʻa dimensional maikaʻi, hiki ke kaʻina hana maikaʻi a me ka umekaumaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā noi maʻamau no PPE (Noryl®) resins e komo pū me nā ʻāpana pump, HVAC, ʻenekini wai, ʻūlū, nā ʻāpana hoʻomehana lā, ka hoʻokele uwea, a me nā kelepona paʻalima. Hoʻonani nani ia.
27) PPS (Ryton®)
Hāʻawi ʻo Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) i ke kūpaʻa ākea i nā kemika o nā mea ʻenehana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a kāna huahana moʻokalaleo, ʻaʻohe ona mea hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o 392 ° F (200 ° C) a kūpono ʻole i ka mahu, nā kumu ikaika, nā wahie a me nā waikawa. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe e koi iā ia e palupalu a pīhoihoi. ʻO ka lawe ʻana o ka wai liʻiliʻi a me kahi coefficient haʻahaʻa loa o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka linear linear, i hui pū ʻia me ka hana hoʻōla kaumaha, e kūpono i ka PPS no nā mea mīkini tolerance kikoʻī.
28) PPSU (Radel®)
ʻO PPSU kahi polyphenylsulfone aniani moakaka e hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa hydrolytic kūʻokoʻa, a me ka paʻakikī i ʻoi aku i nā kūʻai ʻē aʻe i loaʻa, nā ʻenekini wela wela kiʻekiʻe. Hāʻawi kēia kēpau i nā mahana deflection kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi i ka haʻihaʻi koʻikoʻi o ka nohona. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā kaʻa, nā kahua niho, a me nā noi lawelawe meaʻai a me nā waiwai o ka haukapila a me nā mīkini olakino.
29) PTFE (Teflon®)
ʻO PTFE kahi fluoropolymer synthetic o tetrafluoroethylene. He hydrophobic ia a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau pale ʻole no nā pā a me nā mea kuke ʻē aʻe. He hana ʻole hou ia a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā ipu a me nā paipu no nā kemika reactive a corrosive. He waiwai dielectric maikaʻi ʻo PTFE a me kahi mahana hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe. He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kona a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā noi e pono ai ka heʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana, e like me nā bearings maʻamau a me nā pale. He ʻano like ʻole ka PTFE o nā noi ʻē aʻe e like me ka uhi ʻana i nā pōkā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono lapaʻau a me nā keʻena hoʻokolohua. Hāʻawi ʻia i kāna mau hoʻohana he nui, e hoʻopili ana i nā mea āpau mai kahi hoʻohui i nā pale, i kāna hoʻohana no nā pale, nā mea paʻa a me nā mea hou aku, ʻo ia, me ka nylon, kekahi o nā polymmer i hoʻohana nui ʻia.
30) PVC
Hoʻohana mau ʻia ʻo PVC no nā mīkini uea & uwea, nā mīkini pono olakino / mālama ola, paipu, kaula uea, a me nā mīkini pono kaʻa. He palupalu maikaʻi kona, he retardant lapalapa, a he kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi, kahi gloss kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ʻike alakaʻi haʻahaʻa (i ʻole). ʻO ka homopolymer maʻemaʻe paʻakikī, maʻalahi a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka hana akā lilo ia i maʻalahi ke palu ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Polyvinyl chloride mōlina hoʻohuihui, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hoʻoheheʻe hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, calendered, a me ka pupuhi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana i kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o nā huahana maʻalahi. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ākea e like me ka paipu wai wai wai o loko a i loko, hana ʻia i mau makahiki he mau kaukani a me nā kaukani o PVC i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
31) PVDF (Kynar®)
Hoʻohana ʻia nā resin o PVDF i ka mana, nā ikehu hou, a me nā ʻoihana hana kemika no kā lākou kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka mahana, nā kemikino paʻakikī a me nā radiation nukle. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PVDF i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai & mea inu a me nā ʻoihana semiconductor no kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka loaʻa i nā ʻano lehulehu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mining, plating a me nā ʻoihana hoʻomākaukau metala no kona kūpaʻa ʻana i nā waikawa wela o ka nui o nā concentrations. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo PVDF i nā mākeke kaʻa a me nā hoʻolālā no kona kūpaʻa kemika, maikaʻi i ke aniau a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa UV.
32) Rexolite®
ʻO Rexolite® kahi plastic paʻa a translucent i hana ʻia e ka polystyrene e hoʻopili ana me ka divinylbenzene. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā aniani uila, kaapuni uila, antennae, nā mea hoʻopili kaula coaxial, nā transducers kani, nā kīʻaha ukali TV a me nā aniani sonar.
33) Santoprene®
ʻO nā Santoprene® thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) he elastomers hana kiʻekiʻe e hui pū i nā ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka rubber vulkanised - e like me ka maʻalahi a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia - me ka hana maʻalahi o nā thermoplastics. I nā noi huahana a me nā huahana ʻoihana, ʻo ka hui ʻana o nā waiwai Santoprene TPV a me ka maʻalahi o ka hana e hāʻawi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi, kūlike i ka maikaʻi a me nā kumukūʻai hana haʻahaʻa. I nā noi kaʻa, hāʻawi ke kaupaona māmā o Santoprene TPVs i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono, ka hoʻokele wahie a me ka hoʻemi kālā. Hāʻawi pū ʻo Santoprene i nā keu pono he nui i ka mīkini pono, uila, kūkulu, mālama olakino a me nā palapala hoʻopili. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e hoʻonui i nā mea e like me nā palaki niho, nā lima, a pēlā aku.
34) TPU (Isoplast®)
Hoʻomohala mua ʻia no ka hoʻohana olakino, loaʻa ʻo TPU i nā papa aniani lōʻihi piha i ka fiber. Hoʻohui ʻo TPU i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa dimensional o resin amorphous me ke kūpaʻa kemika o nā mea crystalline. ʻO nā māka lōʻihi i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber e ikaika lawa e hoʻololi i kekahi mau metala i nā hoʻoili ukana lawe. ʻO TPU kekahi wai kai a kūpaʻa UV, e kūpono ana ia no nā noi i lalo o ka wai.
Nā papa: 40% piha kīʻaha, 30% piha kīʻaha, 60% lōʻihi kīʻaha
35) UHMW®
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ʻo Molecular Weight (UHMW) Polyethylene i kapa ʻia ma ke ʻano he polymer paʻakikī loa o ka honua. ʻO UHMW kahi linear, ultra high-density polyethylene i kū i ke kūpaʻa abrasion kiʻekiʻe a me ka hopena hopena kiʻekiʻe. UHMW pū kekahi mea pale kūlohelohe a loaʻa kahi koleka haʻahaʻa o ka hakakā e hana pono ia i nā ʻano noi. Hiki i ka UHMW ke hoʻopili ʻia i ke keʻa, ke hoʻoponopono hou ʻia, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kala, ka mīkini a me ka hana ʻana i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku. He extrudable akā, ʻaʻole ka pahu kui moldable. ʻO kāna lubricity kūlohelohe e alakaʻi i ka hoʻohana ākea no nā skids, gears, bushings, a me nā noi ʻē aʻe e koi ʻia ai ka heʻe ʻana, meshing a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, keu hoʻi i ka hana papermaking.
36) Vespel®
ʻO Vespel kahi hana polyimide kiʻekiʻe hana. ʻO ia kekahi o nā plastics hana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa i kēia manawa. ʻAʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻo Vespel a hiki ke hana mau mai nā mahana cryogenic a 550 ° F (288 ° C) me nā huakaʻi i 900 ° F (482 ° C). Hōʻike mau nā mea Vespel i ka hana kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano hana like ʻole e koi ana i ka lole haʻahaʻa a me ke ola lōʻihi i nā wahi ʻoi loa. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā apo sila hoʻokaʻa, nā mea holoi pahu a me nā pā, nā ʻūlū, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā plungers, nā pale holo, a me nā mea hoʻoiho uila a me nā uila. ʻO kāna drawback hoʻokahi kāna kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO ke koʻokoʻo ¼ "anawaena, 38" ka lōʻihi, hiki ke uku ʻia i $ 400 a ʻoi aku.
Ka manawa Post: Nov-05-2019